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  1、There are many elements constituting(组成) European Culture.

(来源:EnglishCN英语博客基地)

  2、There are two major elements: Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element.

(来源:英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

  3、The richness(丰富性) of European Culture was created by Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. (来源:英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

  第一章

  1、The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta.

(来源:英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  2、The economy of Athens rested on(依赖) an immense(无限的)amount of slave labour.

(来源:英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

  3、Olympus mount, Revived in 1896(当代奥运会)

  4、Ancient Greece(古希腊)‘s epics was created by Homer. (来源:英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  5、They events of Homer‘s own time. (错)

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  (They are not about events of Homer‘s own time, probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.)

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  6、The Homer‘s epics consisted of Iliad and Odyssey. (来源:英语麦当劳-英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

  7、Agamemnon, Hector, Achilles are in Iliad. (来源:英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  8、Odysseus and Penelope are in Odyssey. (来源:英语麦当劳-英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

  9、Odyssey(对其作品产生影响)—→James Joyoe‘s Ulysses(描述一天的生活)。 In the 20th century. (来源:英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

  10、Drama in Ancient Greece was floured in the 5th century B.C. (来源:英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

  11、三大悲剧大师① Aeschylus

(来源:英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

  《Prometheus Bound》—→模仿式作品 Shelly《Prometheus Unbound》

(来源:英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

  ② Sophocles(之首)

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  《Oedipus the King》—→ Freud‘s “the Oedipus complex” (恋母情结) —→ David Herbert Lawrence’s《Sons and lovers》(劳伦斯)447页

  ③ Euripides

(来源:EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

  A.《Trojan Women》 (来源:英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

  B.He is the first writer of “problem plays”(社会问题剧) 在肖伯纳手中达到高潮,属于存在主义戏剧的人物 (来源:英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

  C.Elizabeth Browning called him “Euripides human”(一个纯粹的人) (来源:最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

  D.Realism can be traced back(追溯到) to the Ancient Greece.

  To be specific(具体来说), Euripides.

(来源:EnglishCN英语博客基地)

  12、The only representative of Greek comedy is Aristophanes. 18页 (来源:英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  Aristophanes writes about nature. —→浪漫主义湖畔派(The lakers)华兹华兹(新古典主义代表作家《格列夫游记》《大人国小人国》《温和的提议》用讽刺的写作手法)

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

  13、History (Historical writing)史学创作

(来源:英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

  ※ “Father of History” —→ Herodotus —→ war(between Greeks and Persians)

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

  This war is called Peleponicion wars. 博罗奔泥撒,3

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

  只是陈述史实,并没有得出理论。 (来源:英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

  ※ “The greatest historian that ever lived.” (有史以来最伟大的历史学家) —→ Thucydides —→ war (Sparta, Athens and Syracuse)

  14、The Greek historical writing writes mainly about wars. (来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

  15、受希腊文化影响的传教士St. Paul. Democritus (Materialism)

(来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  16、希腊文化中的哲学被基督教所吸收17、① Euclid‘s Elements解析几何

(来源:英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  It was in use in English schools until the early years of the 20th century. (历史地位)

(来源:英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  ② Archimedes

  His work not only in geometry几何学,but also in arithmetic算术, machanics机械, and hydrostatics.流体静力学 (来源:EnglishCN英语博客基地)

  选择:Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.谁的理论(Archimedes) (来源:英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

  18、Architecture古希腊建筑三大风格temple—→Parthenon帕特农神庙① The Doric style

(来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  is also called masculine style. (宏伟的) (来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

  but the Doric style is monotonous and unadorned (单调)

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

  is sturdy (坚强的), powerful, severelooking (庄严肃穆) and showing a good sense of proportions and numbers. (来源:英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  ② The Ionic style

(来源:英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

  is also called the feminine style. (阴柔的) (来源:英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  is graceful (优雅的) and elegant (优美的)。 (来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

  The Ionic style often shows a wealth of ornament. (装饰性)

(来源:英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

  ③ The Corinthian style

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

  is known for its ornamental luxury. (奢侈) (来源:EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

  19、The famous temples: The Acrpolis at Athens and the Parthenon.

(来源:英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

  20、The burning of Corinth in 146 B.C. Marked Roman conquest of Greece. (来源:英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

  21、The melting between Roman Culture and Greek Culture. (罗马征服希腊的标志) (来源:英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  22、From 146 B.C., Latin was the language of the western half of the Roman Empire.

(来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  Greek that of the eastern half. (来源:英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

  23、Both Latin and Greek belong to Indo-European language.

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  24、The Roman writer Horace said “captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”。

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  25、The dividing range(分水岭) in the Roman history refers to 27 B.C. (来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

  26、The year 27 B.C. Divided the Roman history into two periods: republic and empire.

(来源:英语麦当劳-英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

  27、The idea of Republic can be traced back to Plato‘s republic. (来源:英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

  28、The land area of Roman empire reached its climax in 2 to 3 century. (来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  29、north: Scotland east: Armenia and Mesopotamia (来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  30、In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed(保证) by the Roman legions(罗马军团) (来源:英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  31、In the Roman history, there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was known as Pax Romana.(神圣罗马帝国)

(来源:英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

  32、名解In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed(保证) by the Roman legions, it was known as Pax Romana

(来源:专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  33、The Roman Law protected(保护) the rights of plebeians (平民)。

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  34、The important contribution made by the Romans to the European culture was the Roman Law. (来源:英语麦当劳-英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

  35、After 395,the empire was divided into East (the Byzantine Empire) and West.

(来源:英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

  36、Cicero西赛罗he legal and political speeches are models of Latin diction拉丁语用词

(来源:EnglishCN英语博客基地)

  described as Ciceronian.西赛罗式的 (来源:英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

  an enormous influence(巨大影响) on the development of European prose.(散文) (来源:英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

  37、Julius Caesar commentaries批评论 “I came, I saw, I conquered.” (来源:英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

  38、Virgil Aeneid 阿尼德 (来源:英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

  39、The pantheon was built in 27 B.C. (来源:英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

  The world‘s first vast interior space.世界上第一所最大的室内场所

(来源:英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

  40、The Colosseum(大理石像) it‘s an enormous.露天的环形影剧院 (来源:英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

  41、Sculpture(雕塑) She-wolf(母狼) (来源:英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

  42、The representation form of Greek Democracy is citizen-assembly.古希腊民主的表现形式

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