一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们学习几个很有用的常用语, 比方 "打定主意" make up one's mind, "解决" work out, "应付" cope with 等等. 我们还要学习一些跟家庭生活有 关系的词汇. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

首先我们依照惯例听一段对话, 内容说到亨利的同事南希要跟丈夫史蒂夫分 居的事情. 请你注意两位英文老师的发音和语调. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: It's really a shame. I've heard that they quarrel, but they've always made up afterward. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: Things are not working out this time. They are getting a separation soon. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: What is going to happen to their daughter, Bonnie? (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Nancy is going to take her. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: The cost of living is so high. It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility. She had better think the whole thing over. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: She seems to have made up her mind. She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

F: Well, I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

现在我请英文老师再把对话念一遍. 请你注意听. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up.

F: It's really a shame. I've heard that they quarrel, but they've always made up afterward. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Things are not working out this time. They are getting a separation soon.

F: What is going to happen to their daughter, Bonnie?

M: Nancy is going to take her.

F: The cost of living is so high. It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility. She had better think the whole thing over. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: She seems to have made up her mind. She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage.

F: Well, I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.

现在老师把对话里包含了常用语的句子再念一遍给你听. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Nancy and Steve are breaking up. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: It's really a shame. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: They've always made up afterward.

M: Things are not working out this time.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: She had better think the whole thing over. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: She seems to have made up her mind.

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: She would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

二.BREAK UP (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

现在我们从你刚才听到的句子里挑出一些常用语分别作练习. 首先我们学习 break up, b-r-e-a-k u-p, break up 的用法. 这个词组的意思就是 "分裂, 解散". 用 来说人, 尤其是夫妻的时候, 意思就是 "分手". 现在老师用这个词组作句子,提 出一些有关南希和史蒂夫的问题, 比方他们是不是已经决定分手; 他们夫妻 分居或是离婚会不会造成家庭分裂等等问题. 这些问题学生都一一地作肯定 的答覆. 在学生作练习的时候请你也一起作. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: Have Nancy and Steve decided to break up? (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, Nancy and Steve have decided to break up. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Do Henry and Kate know that they are breaking up?

F: Yes, Henry and Kate know that they are breaking up. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Are Henry and Kate concerned about their breaking up?

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, Henry and Kate are concerned about their breaking up.

M: Does their family break up when they get a separation?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, their family breaks up when they get a separation.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: Does their family break up when they divorce? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, their family breaks up when they divorce.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

三.MAKE UP (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

下面我们练习 make up, m-a-k-e u-p, make up 的用法. 这个词组可以用来表示 "和好如初". 现在老师用这个词组提出一些有关南希跟史蒂夫的问题,比方"如 果他们不彼此怨恨,他们会不会和好如初呢?" Would they make up if they didn't resent each other? 然后老师提出 yes 或是 no, 学生就根据他所听到的作肯定 或否定的答覆. 在学生作练习的时候请你也一起作.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Have Nancy and Steve always made up before?

M: yes (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, Nancy and Steve have always made up before. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: Are they willing to make up this time? (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: no

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: No, they are not willing to make up this time. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: Would they need a separation if they were willing to make up? (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: no

F: No, they wouldn't need a separation if they were willing to make up.

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Would they make up if they didn't resent each other? (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: yes (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, they would make up if they didn't resent each other. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: Would it be better for their daughter if they made up?

M: yes (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, it would be better for their daughter if they made up. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

四.MAKE UP ONE'S MIND

下面我们学习用make up one's mind 来表示 "打定主意". 比方有一句话: "南希 已经决定不跟史蒂夫和解." 这句话的英文可以这样说:Nancy has made up her mind not to reconcile with Steve. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

现在我们作一组代换练习学学这个常用语. 练习的作法是老师念一个句子, 接 着老师念一个词组, 学生就把词组代换到原来的句子里. 这组练习里的句子都 是说到南希决定怎么样处理她的婚姻和家庭问题. 现在请你注意听, 并且跟学 生一起作练习.

(来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: Nancy has made up her mind to break up her marriage. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: not to reconcile with Steve (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy has made up her mind not to reconcile with Steve.

M: to get a separation

F: Nancy has made up her mind to get a separation. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: to be a single parent (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy has made up her mind to be a single parent.

M: to keep her daughter

F: Nancy has made up her mind to keep her daughter. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: to take the responsibility (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Nancy has made up her mind to take the responsibility. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

五.WORK OUT (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

下面我们学习怎么用 work out, w-o-r-k o-u-t, work out. 这个词组可以用来表示 "解决"; 比方 "他们不能够解决彼此间的歧见." They cannot work out their differences. 也可以用来表示 "顺利"; 比方 "他们的婚姻不顺利." Their marriage isn't working out. 下面老师问学生一些跟南希的婚姻生活有关系的问题.每问一 个问题, 老师就会提出 yes 或是 no, 学生就根据他所听到的作肯定或否定的答 覆. 在学生作练习的时候请你一起作. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Can Nancy and Steve work out their problems?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: no

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: No, Nancy and Steve cannot work out their problems. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: Can they work out their differences? (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: no (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

F: No, they cannot work out their differences. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Is their marriage working out?

(来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: no

F: No, their marriage isn't working out. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Would it work out if they didn't resent each other?

M: yes (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, it would work out if they didn't resent each other. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Would it work out if they reconciled? (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: yes

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, it would work out if they reconciled. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

六.COPE WITH (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

下面我们学学怎么用 cope with, c-o-p-e w-i-t-h, cope with 来表示 "对付" 或是 "应付". 比方, "对付心理问题是不容易的." 这句话英文可以这样说: To cope with psychological problems is not easy. 现在我们作一组代换练习,学学这种用 法. 首先老师念一个句子, 学生跟着重复一遍, 接着老师念一个词组, 学生就 把词组代换到原来的句子里. 学生作练习的时候,请你也一起作. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: To cope with an unhappy marriage is not easy.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: single parenthood (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: To cope with single parenthood is not easy (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: the high cost of living (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: To cope with the high cost of living is not easy.

M: emotional problems

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: To cope with emotional problems is not easy. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: psychological problems (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

F: To cope with psychological problems is not easy. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: financial problems

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: To cope with financial problems is not easy. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

七.HAD BETTER (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

下面我们学习用 had better, h-a-d b-e-t-t-e-r, had better 加上原型动词来表示 "最好" 作某件事情. 比方 "她最好开始找个托儿所." 这句话英文可以 这样说: (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

She had better start looking for a child-care center. 现在我们作一组代换练习学 学这种用法. 练习的内容是说到南希既然决定跟丈夫分居,自己带大孩子, 她最 好作些什么安排, 比方存钱, 找公寓, 找托儿所等等. 请你跟学生一起作练习. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: Nancy had better save some money. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: get herself a car (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy had better get herself a car. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

M: find an apartment

(来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: Nancy had better find an apartment.

M: start looking for a child-care center (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy had better start looking for a child-care center.

M: ask her parents to help

F: Nancy had better ask her parents to help. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

下面一组代换练习的内容是说凯特认为南希应该跟父母谈一谈,最好三思而后 行等等. 请你跟刚才一样作练习. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Nancy had better talk to her parents. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: think the whole thing over (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy had better think the whole thing over.

M: work out the problems with Steve (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: Nancy had better work out the problems with Steve.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: make up with Steve

F: Nancy had better make up with Steve.

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

八.WOULD RATHER

最后我们学习怎么用英文来表示 "宁愿怎么样也不愿意怎么样". 比方 "婚姻不 美满还不如分居." Having a separation is better than having an unhappy marriage. 这句话可以换一个方式用 would rather, w-o-u-l-d r-a-t-h-e-r, would rather 加上原型动词开头的词组再加上 than, t-h-a-n, than 改成 "我宁愿分居也 不愿意有不美满的婚姻."I would rather have a separation than have an unhappy marriage. 下面我们作一组练习把这两种说法作一个比较. 练习的作法是南希 用 is better than说一句话, 请你用南希作主语再加上would rather ...than 把句子 说出来. 下面就是一个例子:

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Coping with the high cost of living is better than coping with emotional problems. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Nancy would rather cope with the high cost of living than cope with emotional problems.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

这组练习比较难, 请你特别用心. 每作完一句老师就会把正确答案念给你听. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Having a separation is better than having an unhappy marriage.

M: Nancy would rather have a separation than have an unhappy marriage.

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: Breaking up with Steve is better than having quarrels with him. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Nancy would rather break up with Steve than have quarrels with him. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Being a single parent is better than staying with Steve. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: Nancy would rather be a single parent than stay with Steve.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Coping with financial problems is better than living with Steve. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: Nancy would rather cope with financial problems than live with Steve. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Coping with the high cost of living is better than coping with emotional problems. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Nancy would rather cope with the high cost of living than cope with emotional problems. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

九.听短语回答问题 (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

今天我们要听的文章谈到美国一般人的家庭和婚姻状况.

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

请你注意听.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living.

On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses.

Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parent divorce.

A lot of children in the U.S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

Usually one parent takes the responsibility for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests.

Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining.

The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learnd how important families are. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

现在请你回答下面三个问题. 在你回答之后请你听老师念正确答案.

第一个问题是:

M: Why have American families become smaller? (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: It is because the cost of living has increased. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

第二个问题是: (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: What problems might children have when their parents break up? (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: They might have emotional and psychological problems.

第三个问题是:

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: What is a single parent?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: A single parent is a person who raises his or her child alone. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)