一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们要学习几个由动词和介词构成的常用语, 比方 "竞选" run for, r-u-n f-o-r, run for, "依赖" depend on, d-e-p-e-n-d o-n, depend on, "参预" take part in, t-a-k-e p-a-r-t i-n, take part in 等等. 我们也要学习许多跟选举有关系的词汇. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

现在我们先来听今天这一课的对话, 内容是说亨利跟同事南希谈起竞选话动 的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Are you going to vote today, Henry?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: I don't think so. There aren't any candidates I'm interested in. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Haven't you kept up on the issues? (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: I've seen the ads on TV, but I'm not up on what's going on.

F: You should be, you know. This is an important election. And a friend of mine is running for office. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: That's why you've been bringing in all the campaign buttons. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, Joe Brown is a really good candidate. He has taken part in a lot of community activities and he knows what needs to be done.

(来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: And you would vote for him even if you weren't friends, right?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Right!

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

现在我们来听老师用慢速度把整段对话念一遍. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Are you going to vote today, Henry?

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: I don't think so. There aren't any candidates I'm interested in.

F: Haven't you kept up on the issues?

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: I've seen the ads on TV, but I'm not up on what's going on.

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: You should be, you know. This is an important election. And a friend of mine is running for office. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: That's why you've been bringing in all the campaign buttons. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, Joe Brown is a really good candidate. He has taken part in a lot of community activities and he knows what needs to be done. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: And you would vote for him even if you weren't friends, right? (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Right! (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

现在老师把对话里包含了我们今天要学的常用语的句子挑出来, 再念一遍给 你听.

M: There aren't any candidates I'm interested in.

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Haven't you kept up on the issues?

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: I'm not up on what's going on. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: A friend of mine is running for office.

M: You've been bringing in all the campaign buttons.

(来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: He has taken part in a lot of community activities.

二.RUN FOR

听完了对话, 现在我们来练习对话里包含的常用语. 首先我们学习怎么用 run for 作句子. 比方有一句话: "有些律师在竞选总统." 这句话英文可以这样说:

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

Some lawyers are running for the presidency. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

下面我们作一组代换练习,学学这种说法. 在这一组练习里你可以学习到其他 公职的名称, 比方市政会, 郡委会等等.现在我们开始作练习. 请你在学生作练 习的时候也一起作. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: Some lawyers are running for the presidency.

M: congressional office (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Some lawyers are running for the congressional office

M: governor's office

F: Some lawyers are running for the governor's office. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: mayor's office

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Some lawyers are running for the mayor's office. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

M: city council

F: Some lawyers are running for the city council. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: county board (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: Some lawyers are running for the county board.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

三.DEPEND ON (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

刚才我们作的几组练习都是有关竞选的事情. 下面我们作一组代换练习, 看看 在美国参加竞选的人必须依赖谁的帮助才能够当选. 练习的作法是老师念一 个句子, 比方: "候选人依赖竞选委员会主管人员来赢得选举." The candidates depend on their campaign managers to win the election. 你跟着重复一遍, 接着 老师念出一些助选人员的名称, 比方 "竞选顾问" campaign advisors, "演讲稿 撰写人" speech writers, "竞选工作人员" campaign staff. "支持者" supporters 等等, 请你把你听到的代换到原来的句子里. 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确 答案.

M: The candidates depend on their campaign managers to win the election.

M: campaign advisors

F: The candidates depend on their campaign advisors to win the election. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: speech writers (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: The candidates depend on their speech writers to win the election.

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: campaign staff

F: The candidates depend on their campaign staff to win the election. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: supporters

F: The candidates depend on their supporters to win the election.

四.BE INTERESTED IN (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

在上面那组练习里我们学习了怎么用 "依赖" depend on 作句子,下面我们要学 习用interested in, i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-e-d i-n, interested in,再加上动名词词组来表示对 什么什么感兴趣. 比方有一句话: "有些候选人对制造就业机会有兴趣." 这句 话英文应该这样说:Some candidates are interested in creating job opportunities. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

下面我们作一组代换练习, 一方面学习 to be interested in 的用法, 一方面学一 学候选人所感兴趣的政治问题,比方 "争取女权" getting equal rights for women.

"对抗贪污" fighting corruption. "平衡政府预算" balancing government budget, "削减联邦政府规模"cutting the size of the federal government, "改善教育计划" improving educational programs 等等. 现在我们开始练习. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: Some candidates are interested in creating job opportunities. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: getting equal rights for women

F: Some candidates are interested in getting equal rights for women. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: fighting corruption

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Some candidates are interested in fighting corruption.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: balancing government budget (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: Some candidates are interested in balancing government budget.

M: cutting the size of the federal government (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Some candidates are interested in cutting the size of the federal government. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: improving educational programs

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

F: Some candidates are interested in improving educational programs.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

五.TAKE PART IN

(来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

下面我们作一组练习, 学一学 "参与" take part in 的用法.

首先由老师提出问题, 然后学生作肯定的答覆. 练习的内容还是跟政治活动有 关系. 在学生作练习的时候请你也一起作. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Did he take part in creating job opportunities?

F: Yes, he took part in creating job opportunities.

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Did he take part in getting equal rights for women? (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, he took part in getting equal rights for women. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Did he take part in fighting corruption?

F: Yes, he took part in fighting corruption.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Did he take part in balancing government budget?

F: Yes, he took part in balancing government budget. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: Did he take part in cutting the size of the federal government?

F: Yes, he took part in cutting the size of the federal government.

M: Did he take part in improving educational programs? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, he took part in improving educational programs.

(来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

六.TAKE SIDES ON

在下面一组练习里我们要学习用 take sides on, t-a-k-e s-i-d-e-s o-n, take sides on 来表达在各种不同政治军事等问题上表明立场.比方 "候选人应该在男女平 权问题上表明立场吗?" 这句话英文应该这样说: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of equal rights? (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

在下面这组练习里除了可以练习 take sides on 的用法, 还可以学到许多有用 的词汇, 比方: "民权" civil rights, "保护环境" environmental protection, "国防预 算" defense budget, "核子能源" nuclear energy, "核武器" nuclear weapons 等等. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

请你注意听老师问问题, 并且跟学生一起作肯定的答覆. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of equal rights? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of equal rights.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of civil rights? (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of civil rights.

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of environmental protection? (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of environmental protection. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of defense budget? (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of defense budget.

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of nuclear energy?

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of nuclear energy. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: Should the candidates take sides on the issue of nuclear weapons?

F: Yes, they should take sides on the issue of nuclear weapons. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

七.KEEP UP ON (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

刚才那组练习里的许多词汇如果你还不太熟, 现在我们再作一组代换练习, 复 习一下, 不过这次我们换一个动词词组,这次我们用 keep up on, k-e-e-p u-p o-n, keep up on 来表示选民应该对各种与选举有关的问题随时注意. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Voters should keep up on the issue of civil rights. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: defense budget (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: Voters should keep up on the issue of defense budget. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: nuclear energy

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: Voters should keep up on the issue of nuclear energy.

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: nuclear weapons (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Voters should keep up on the issue of nuclear weapons. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: environmental protection (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Voters should keep up on the issue of environmental protection.

八.APPEAL TO (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

下面我们作最后一组练习, 学学怎么用 appeal to, a-p-p-e-a-l t-o, appeal to 表达 立场不同的政治家受不同选民的欢迎. 比方 "有些政治家受劳工的欢迎." 这 句话英文应该这样说: Some politicians appeal to laborers, 在这组练习里你还 可以学到其他有用的词汇, 比方 "女权运动者" feminists,"退伍军人" veterans, "少数民族" minority groups, "犹太后裔美国人" Jewish Americans, "西班牙后 裔美国人" Hispanic Americans.

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

现在我们开始作代换练习. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: Some politicians appeal to businessmen.

M: laborers

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Some politicians appeal to laborers. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: feminists

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: Some politicians appeal to feminists.

M: veterans (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Some politicians appeal to veterans.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: minority groups

F: Some politicians appeal to minority groups.

M: Jewish Americans (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Some politicians appeal to Jewish Americans. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: Hispanic Americans (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Some politicians appeal to Hispanic Americans.

九.听短文回答问题

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

今天我们要听的文章内容是说美国的选举制度, 说到怎么样从事竞选活动.文 章里的词汇都是我们已经练习过的. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

现在请你注意听. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Top officials in city, state and federal governments are elected to office by the people.

They run for office every two or four years and elections are held the first week of November. People who run for elections are called politicians. Many of them are lawyers. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Successful politicians are often famous and important people in their communities.

Young lawyers who are interested in politics often join political clubs when they graduate from law school. As club members, they help older politicians get elected. When they have had enough experience and support, they run for office themselves. Before elections, political candidates are very busy. They have frequent meetings with their supporters. But most of their time is spent campaigning, shaking hands and making speeches to the public.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

There are different groups of voters that politicians try to win support from. Most large cities have black and Spanish speaking communities who elect powerful politicians.

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

Some politicians appeal to businessmen while others appeal to laborers. Many politicians run for office by taking sides on important issues such as balancing government budget, getting equal rights for women, fighting corruption and creating job opportunities.

Once politicians win elections, their futures depend on how well they do their jobs, and how well the people hear of the work they are doing.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

现在老师把今天测验的三个问题先念一遍给你听.

第一个问题是:

M: How often are elections held in the United States? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

第二个问题是:

M: What do political candidates do to get elected?

第三个问题是: (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: What are some of the important political issues?

现在我们听老师用慢速度再把文章念一遍. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

Top officials in city, state and federal governments are elected to office by the people. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

They run for office every two or four years and elections are held the first week of November. People who run for elections are called politicians. Many of them are lawyers. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

Successful politicians are often famous and important people in their communities. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Young lawyers who are interested in politics often join political clubs when they graduate from law school. As club members, they help older politicians get elected. When they have had enough experience and support, they run for office themselves. Before elections, political candidates are very busy. They have frequent meetings with their supporters. But most of their time is spent campaigning, shaking hands and making speeches to the public. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

There are different groups of voters that politicians try to win support from. Most large cities have black and Spanish speaking communities who elect powerful politicians.

Some politicians appeal to businessmen while others appeal to laborers. Many politicians run for office by taking sides on important issues such as balancing government budget, getting equal rights for women, fighting corruption and creating job opportunities. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Once politicians win elections, their futures depend on how well they do their jobs, and how well the people hear of the work they are doing. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

现在请你回答下面三个问题. 每回答一个问题老师会念出正确答案让你作个 比较, 看你答对了没有. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

第一个问题是:

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: How often are elections held in the United States?

F: They are held every two or four years.

第二个问题是:

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: What do political candidates do to get elected?

F: They campaign, shake hands and make speeches to the public.

第三个问题是:

M: What are some of the important political issues? (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

F: They are balancing government budget, getting equal rights for women, fighting corruption and creating job opportunities.