一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里,我们要学习被动语态. 比方有一句话: "我们的车修好了." Our car was repaired. 在这句话里, 主语 "车" car 就是动作 "修理" repair 的对象.

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

现在我们来听一段包含了被动语态句子的对话, 内容是说凯特跟亨利从修汽 车谈到上成人学校的事情. 请你注意听两位英文教师的发音和语调.

M: Kate, our car needs to be fixed again. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: But it was just repaired a few months ago.

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: I know. Maybe the repair job wasn't done well. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: I hope that it will be fixed this time. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: I hope so too. I wish I knew about car repair. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Why don't you learn? I'm sure courses are offered on car repair at Seattle Community College.

M: That's a good idea. I wonder when courses begin. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Let's get a school catalogue and see what courses are scheduled. I'd like to take a computer course.

M: Imagine, Kate, you and I going back to school.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

现在我请两位英文老师用慢速度再把整段对话念一遍. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: Kate, our car needs to be fixed again. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: But it was just repaired a few months ago. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: I know. Maybe the repair job wasn't done well. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: I hope that it will be fixed this time.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: I hope so too. I wish I knew about car repair.

(来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: Why don't you learn? I'm sure courses are offered on car repair at Seattle Community College.

M: That's a good idea. I wonder when courses begin. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: Let's get a school catalogue and see what courses are scheduled. I'd like to take a computer course. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Imagine, Kate, you and I going back to school.

下面我们来听刚才那段对话里的被动语态句子. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: Our car needs to be fixed again. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: It was repaired a few months ago.

(来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: Maybe the repair job wasn't done well. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: I hope that it will be fixed this time. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Courses are offered on car repair. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: Let's see what courses are scheduled.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

二.被动语态 (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

听了上面的句子,或许你已经注意到被动语态就是以助动词 be, b-e, be加上及 物动词的过去分词构成的.

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

现在我请英文老师念一些句子把主动语态和被动语态作个比较. 句子的内容 都是有关修理汽车的事情. 比方, 男老师说: " 修车工人装了新刹车." The mechanic installed new brakes. 女老师就用被动语态说: "刹车装好了." New brakes were installed. 现在我们开始. 请你注意听. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: The mechanic repaired the car. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

F: The car was repaired. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: The mechanic did the repair job. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: The repair job was done.

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: The mechanic changed the oil. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: The oil was changed.

M: The mechanic installed new brakes. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: New brakes were installed. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

下面我们要比较否定句的主动语态和被动语态;句子的内容还是说到修车, 比 方修车工人没有检查引擎, 没有换电池等等. 请你注意听. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: The mechanic didn't fix the car.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: The car wasn't fixed. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: The mechanic didn't check the engine. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: The engine wasn't checked. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: The mechanic didn't change the battery. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: The battery wasn't changed. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: The mechanic didn't wash the car.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: The car wasn't washed.

在今天这一课的对话里, 亨利和凯特除了谈修车以外, 还谈到社区大学为了让 成人进修而在晚上设立的成人教育计划. 下面一组练习谈的就是成人教育计 划. 比方他们排了很多课, 寄出了学校目录, 招收成人学生, 使学生的生活更充 实等等. 练习的作法是由男老师念主动语态句子, 请你把句子改成被动语态说 出来. 每作完一句就请你听女老师念正确答案. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: They offered various courses at night. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Various courses were offered at night.

M: They scheduled various courses at night. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Various courses were scheduled at night. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: They sent out catalogues. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Catalogues were sent out.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: They enrolled adult students at night. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Adult students were enrolled at night. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: They enriched adult students' lives.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Adult students' lives were enriched. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

刚才我们练习的都是过去式句子, 现在我们练习把那些句子改成现在完成式.

现在完成式被动语态就是用 have been 或是 has been加上及物动词的过去分 词. 练习的作法是老师用疑问词提出问句,接着老师念一个字或是词, 请你用 你听到的回答问题. 每作完一句还是请你听正确答案.

M: What has been offered? (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: various courses (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: Various courses have been offered.

M: What has been scheduled? (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: various courses

F: Various courses have been scheduled. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: What has been sent out?

M: catalogues (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Catalogues have been sent out.

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Who has been enrolled?

M: adult students

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Adult students have been enrolled. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: Whose lives have been enriched?

M: adult students'

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: Adult students' lives have been enriched. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

下面一组练习是说人们为什么要上成人学校, 比方他们要受更多教育,需要更 多知识; 他们也需要受特别训练, 得到特别技能, 以便找新职业和更好的工作 等等. 练习的作法是老师念现在式主动语态句子,学生就用 is 或是 are 加上动 词 "需要" 的过去分词 needed, 把句子改成被动语态说出来. 学生作练习的时 候, 请你也一起作.

(来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

M: Students need more education. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

F: More education is needed

(来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: Students need more knowledge.

F: More knowledge is needed.

M: Students need special training. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: Special training is needed.

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Students need special skills.

F: Special skills are needed. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: Students need new professions. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: New professions are needed.

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: Students need better jobs. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Better jobs are needed. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

刚才那个练习里有些字可能你不太熟, 现在我们再把练习里的被动语态句子 重复练习一下. 每个句子我们念两遍, 请你听一遍, 跟着老师重复一遍.

M: More education is needed.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: More education is needed.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: More knowledge is needed. (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: More knowledge is needed.

M: Special training is needed.

F: Special training is needed. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Special skills are needed.

F: Special skills are needed.

M: New professions are needed.

F: New professions are needed. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Better jobs are needed.

F: Better jobs are needed.

(来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

刚才我们用被动语态句子叙述了学生的需要; 现在我们作一组练习, 看看成 人学校应该教什么课程. 比方有一句话: "他们应该教工程学" They should teach engineering. 这句话改成被动语态就应该把should teach 变成 should be taught, 整句话应该是: Engineering should be taught. 这组练习的作法是由老 师把刚才那句话念一遍, 接着老师念出一个课程的名称, 比方: "会计学" accounting. "通讯学" communication, "铅管业" plumbing, "修理电动设备" electrical repair, "先进技术" advanced technology 等等, 学生就把老师提出 的字或是词代换到句子里. 现在我们开始作练习. 学生作练习的时候请你也 一起作.

M: Engineering should be taught.

M: computer science (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Computer science should be taught.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: accounting (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Accounting should be taught.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: communication

(来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: Communication should be taught. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

M: plumbing

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

F: Plumbing should be taught. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: electrical repair

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Electrical repair should be taught. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: foreign languages (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Foreign languages should be taught.

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: advanced technology

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Advanced technology should be taught.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

除了助动词 should 以外, 包含其它助动词的句子, 在变成被动语态的时候 也 都是在助动词后面加上 be 再加上动词的过去分词. 比方: Engineering will be taught. Engineering can be taught 跟 Engineering might be taught 等等. 这种变 化等一会儿我们还有机会练习. 下面我们练习用现在进行式被动语态来叙述 成人学校这个学期正在教什么课. 老师先念一个主动语态句子, 学生就用 is 或是 are 加上 being, b-e-i-n-g, being 再加上动词的过去分词构成被动语态说 出来. 在学生作练习的时候, 请你跟着一起作.

M: They are teaching electrical repair this term. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: They are teaching advanced technology this term. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Advanced technology is being taught this term. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: They are teaching communication this term. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: Communication is being taught this term. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: They are teaching foreign languages this term. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: They are teaching computers this term.

F: Computers are being taught this term.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: They are teaching engineering and accounting this term. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

下面我们把刚才那组练习里的被动语态句子重复练习一下. 请你听一遍跟着 老师重复一遍.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

F: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Advanced technology is being taught this term.

F: Advanced technology is being taught this term. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Communication is being taught this term. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: Communication is being taught this term.

M: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: Computers are being taught this term.

(来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

F: Computers are being taught this term.

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term.

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

刚才我们作的几组练习都是说到成人学校的课程, 现在我们要作一组练习谈 谈成人学校的贡献,比方成人学校可以满足人们多受教育的需求,可以使人们 事业更发达, 生活更充实; 要是人们学会自己修东西就可以避免出高价请别 人来修等等. 练习的作法是老师说出一个将来式被动语态句子, 请你把句子 里的 will be 改成 is going to be 或是 are going to be 说出来, 每作完一句就请 你听老师念正确答案. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Older people's careers will be enhanced.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Older people's careers are going to be enhanced. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Their lives will be enriched.

F: Their lives are going to be enriched. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: High costs for repairs will be avoided. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: High costs for repairs are going to be avoided. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: The demand for more education will be met. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: The demand for more education is going to be met. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

三.听短文回答问题

在下一课里我们还有机会练习被动语态. 现在我们来听今天这一课的文章.这 篇文章谈到美国成人教育计划的课程和功用. 文章里的词汇都是我们刚才练 习过的. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

现在请你注意听. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

Community colleges have become popular and their enrollments have increased rapidly. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

One reason for this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs have increased. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

Engineers, teachers and businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

Computers and business courses are taken by many adult students. Foreign languages, accounting and communication courses are also popular. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills that they can receive.

The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

等一会儿我再请英文老师把文章念一遍, 现在请你先听今天测验的三个问题.

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

第一个问题是: (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: Where can one take adult education courses?

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

第二个问题是: (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: Why has adult education become popular?

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

第三个问题是:

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: What are some of the courses offered in adult education programs?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

好, 现在我们再把文章听一遍. 这次老师念得比较慢, 请你特别注意上面三个 问题的答案. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

Community colleges have become popular and their enrollments have increased rapidly.

(来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

One reason for this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs have increased. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided.

Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education. (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

Engineers, teachers and businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

Computers and business courses are taken by many adult students. Foreign languages, accounting and communication courses are also popular. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills that they can receive. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

现在请你回答下面三个问题. 每回答一句就请你听老师念正确答案.

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第一个问题是:

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M: Where can one take adult education courses?

F: One can take adult education courses in a community college or university. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

第二个问题是: (来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: Why has adult education become popular?

F: Changing professions, high costs for repairs and advanced technology are some of the reasons for the rise in adult education. (来源：英语聊天室 http://chat.EnglishCN.com)

第三个问题是: (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: What are some of the courses offered in adult education programs? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Plumbing, electrical repair, foreign languages, accounting and communication are some of the courses offered in adult education programs.

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