一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们要学习的是助动词 should, s-h-o-u-l-d, should 跟 must, m-u-s-t, must 的用法. 我们也要看看这两个助动词的否定式 should not 也就是 shouldn't 和 must not 也就是 mustn't 在意思上跟 don't have to 这个词组有什么分别. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

首先我还是请两位英文老师给你念一段对话, 请你注意听英文老师的发 音和声调. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Peter, can you help me for a minute? (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: Yes, what do you want me to do? (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Will you take the garbage out? (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: Do I have to do it now?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Well, you don't have to it now. But don't forget to do it today.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

M: All right. I really must go now; otherwise I'll be late for school.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: You have an exam this morning, don't you? You mustn't be late. Maybe you should ask your father for a ride. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

好, 现在我们再把刚才那段对话用慢速度念一遍, 请你注意听:

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Peter, can you help me for a minute? (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: Yes, what do you want me to do?

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

F: Will you take the garbage out? (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Do I have to do it now?

F: Well, you don't have to. But don't forget to do it today. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: All right. I really must go now; otherwise I'll be late for school. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

F: You have an exam this morning, don't you? You mustn't be late. Maybe you should ask your father for a ride.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

在彼得跟他母亲的这段对话里, 有几个句子用了我们今天要学的助动词 should, must 跟它们的否定式 shouldn't, mustn't 还有 have to 跟 don't have to 这两个词组, 现在我请老师把包含了这些词的句子用慢速度再念 一遍给你听: (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: Do I have to do it now?

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: You don't have to. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: I really must go now.

F: You mustn't be late. Maybe you should ask your father for a ride.

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

二.SHOULD

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

好了, 现在该作练习了. 首先我们来学怎么用 should. 这个字是用来劝告 别人应该做些什么事. 比方有一句话: "天冷了, 你应该穿毛衣," 这句话, 你 可以这样说: It's cold. You should wear a sweater.

好, 现在我们给你多举一些例子. 每个句子我们念两遍, 请你听一遍, 跟着 重复一遍.

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

M: It's cold. You should wear a sweater. (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: It's cold.You should wear a sweater. (来源：英语问答中心 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Peter is late. He should ask his father for a ride.

(来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Peter is late. He should ask his father for a ride.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: Henry is heavy. He should get in shape again. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Henry is heavy. He should get in shape again.

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Kate is hungry. She should eat something. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Kate is hungry. She should eat something. (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Your room is messy. You should clean it up. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Your room is messy. You should clean it up. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

好, 现在我们换一个方式作练习, 先由老师说一句话, 比方: "下雨了!" It's raining. 接着老师给你一个词组: "带雨伞" carry an umbrella 请你用 should 这个字来完成句子, 所以答案就是: "下雨了, 你应该带雨伞". It's raining. You should carry an umbrella. 好, 现在我们开始练习. 在你作完 句子之后,请注意听正确的答案.

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: Peter is a good player. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: join the team

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: peter is a good player. He should join the team.

M: Henry is tired.

M: take a rest (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: Henry is tired. He should take a rest.

M: Kate is thirsty. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: have a glass of water.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Kate is thirsty. She should have a glass of water.

M: Your shirt is dirty. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: change into a clean one

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Your shirt is dirty. You should change into a clean one. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: It's raining. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: carry an umbrella

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: It's raining. You should carry an umbrella.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

刚才那组练习你都作对了吗? 下面我们来练习 should 的否定式 should not. 这两个字可以简缩为 shouldn't, 意思就是劝人不要做什么事. 我们 作的是换字练习. 老师先念一句话, 接着老师给你一个新的词组, 请你 把新的词组代换到原来的句子里. 每作完一句, 就请你听正确答案.

M: You shouldn't spend so much money.

M: drink so much coffee (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: You shouldn't drink so much coffee.

M: buy so many records (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: You shouldn't buy so many records. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: go to so many movies

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

F: You shouldn't go to so many movies. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: drive so fast

(来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

F: You shouldn't drive so fast.

三.MUST

(来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

下面我们来学另外一个助动词 must. 这个字表示必须作某件事情, 没有 其他选择. 比方有一句话: " 亨利要上飞机了, 他非有飞机票不可 ", 这句 话英文可以这么说: Henry is going on an airplane. He must have a ticket.

现在我们给你多举一些例子. 每个句子我们还是念两遍, 还是请你听一 遍, 重复一遍.

M: Henry is going on an airplane. He must have a ticket.

F: Henry is going on an airplane. He must have a ticket.

M: Kate is going to a formal party. She must wear a dress.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

F: Kate is going to a formal party. She must wear a dress. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: Linda is going to buy a record. She must save some money.

(来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

F: Linda is going to buy a record. She must save some money.

(来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Mary has an exam tomorrow. She must study hard. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: Mary has an exam tomorrow. She must study hard. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

M: Peter has a class at 7 o'clock. He must get up early. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Peter has a class at 7 o'clock. He must get up early. (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: Susan doesn't have a car. She must go to her job by train.

F: Susan doesn't have a car. She must go to her job by train.

must 的否定式是 must not, 也可以简缩为 mustn't. 这个词是用来表示一定 不应该作的事. 下面这组练习内容都是说彼得在上课的时候不应该作的一 些事. 由老师先念一个句子: peter mustn't sleep in class. 接着老师念一个 新词组: eat lunch. 请你用新词组把原来的句子改为: Peter mustn't eat lunch in class. 好, 现在我们开始作换字练习. 每作完一句就请你听正确答案. (来源：英语图片 http://photo.englishcn.com)

M: Peter mustn't sleep in class.

(来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

M: eat lunch (来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

F: Peter mustn't eat lunch in class. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: talk

(来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: Peter mustn't talk in class. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: smoke

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

F: Peter mustn't smoke in class.

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: write letters

F: Peter mustn't write letters in class. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: look out of window

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: Peter mustn't look out of window in class. (来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: listen to the radio

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

F: Peter mustn't listen to the radio in class. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

四.HAVE TO (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

刚才我们学习了两个助动词 should 和 must, 还有它们的否定式 shouldn't 和 mustn't, 现在我们来学习另外一个意思跟 must 相同的词组 have to. 这 个词组也是用来表示非作某件事不可. 比方有一句话: "你非得清理院子 吗?" 英文可以这样说: Do you have to clean the yard? 另外一句话: "你非 得工作挣零用钱吗?" 英文可以这样说: Do you have to work to earn your allowance?

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

好, 现在我们来练习这类句子.由老师念一个句子, 然后老师给你一个新词 组, 请你用这个新词组作换字练习. 作完一句就听正确答案. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: Do you have to clean the yard? (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: practice everyday

F: Do you have to practice everyday?

M: go to the supermarket

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: Do you have to go to the supermarket? (来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

M: wash the dishes

F: Do you have to wash the dishes? (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

M: change your clothes

F: Do you have to change your clothes? (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

M: work to earn your allowance (来源：英语麦当劳www.EnglishCN.com)

F: Do you have to work to earn your allowance? (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

凡是陈述句的主词是第三人称 "他" 的时候, 就应该用 has to. 下面我们要 练习这类句子. 老师先用 does, d-o-e-s, does 开头作问句, 请你用 has to 来 回答问题. 作完一句还是请你听正确答案. (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

M: Does he have to go to New York?

F: Yes, he has to go to New York.

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

M: Does he have to clean up his room? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

F: Yes, he has to clean up his room. (来源：英语麦当劳－英语学习门户 EnglishCN.com)

M: Does she have to take the bus?

F: Yes, she has to take the bus. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

M: Does she have to drop this course? (来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

F: Yes, she has to drop this course.

have to 的否定式 don't have to 跟 has to 的否定式 doesn't have to 都可以 用来表示不一定非得作某件事, 而有其他选择. 在下面一组练习里, 我们 要多学学这类句子. 每个句子我们还是念两遍, 还是请你听一遍, 重复一

(来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

遍:

M: I don't have to buy records. I can listen to the radio.

F: I don't have to buy records. I can listen to the radio. (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

M: You don't have to go to the movies. You can stay home and watch television.

F: You don't have to go to the movies. You can stay home and watch television. (来源：最老牌的英语学习网站 EnglishCN.com)

M: We don't have to take the train. We can take the bus. (来源：英语交友 http://friends.englishcn.com)

F: We don't have to take the train. We can take the bus.

(来源：英语电影下载 http://bt.englishcn.com)

M: They don't have to drink coffee. They can drink tea.

(来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

F: They don't have to drink coffee. They can drink tea. (来源：英语博客 http://space.englishcn.com)

M: He doesn't have to wear a white shirt. He can wear a blue one. (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

F: He doesn't have to wear a white shirt. He can wear a blue one.

M: She doesn't have to cook. She can go out to eat.

(来源：EnglishCN英语问答中心[e问e答])

F: She doesn't have to cook. She can go out to eat.

(来源：英语论坛 http://bbs.englishcn.com)

五.听短文回答问题

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

首先还是请你听一段文章, 内容是说彼得跟琳达兄妹两个人应该帮着作 些什么家事才能每星期拿零用钱.

现在请你注意听:

(来源：英语资料下载 http://download.englishcn.com)

Every week Peter and Linda receive five dollars from their parents. This money is their weekly allowance. It is not a gift. Peter and Linda must work for the family to earn the money. Peter takes out the garbage and cleans the yard around the house. He should do it everyday, but sometimes he forgets. Linda helps her mother with the cooking. She also washes the dishes after dinner. Peter and Linda don't have to use their money for food. They use it for their entertainment. Sometimes they go to the movies. Sometimes they buy records. Each week they save some of their money to buy something more expensive.

刚才那段文章你听懂了多少? 文章里包含了今天教的语法, 你是不是注意 到了? 等一会儿我们会把整段文章再念一遍. 现在我们把今天测验的三个 问题先念一遍给你听. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)

第一个问题是: (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: What should Peter do to earn his weekly allowance? (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

第二个问题是: (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

M: Does Linda have to use her allowance for food? (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 EnglishCN.com)

下面是第三个问题: (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 www.EnglishCN.com)

M: How do Peter and Linda spend their money? (来源：英语麦当劳 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

好了, 现在我们再把刚才那段文章用慢速度念一遍给你听, 请你特别注意 刚才那三个问题的答案.

(来源：英语美食指南 http://food.englishcn.com)

Every week Peter and Linda receive five dollars from their parents. This money is their weekly allowance. It is not a gift. Peter and Linda must work for the family to earn the money. Peter takes out the garbage and cleans the yard around the house. He should do it everyday, but sometimes he forgets. Linda helps her mother with the cooking. She also washes the dishes after dinner. Peter and Linda don't have to use their money for food. They use it for their entertainment. Sometimes they go to the movies. Sometimes they buy records. Each week they save some of their money to buy something more expensive.

现在要请你回答今天测验的三个问题. 在你回答以后, 请你听老师说 正确答案, 看你答对了没有. (来源：英语分类信息 http://fl.englishcn.com)

下面是第一个问题:

M: What should Peter do to earn his weekly allowance?

F: He should take out the garbage and clean the yard around the house.

第二个问题是: (来源：英语e问e答 http://ask.englishcn.com)

M: Does Linda have to use her allowance for food? (来源：专业英语学习网站 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

F: No, she doesn't have to use her allowance for food.

(来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐EnglishCN.com)

现在请你回答第三个问题:

M: How do Peter and Linda spend their money?

F: Sometimes they go to the movies. Sometimes they buy records. (来源：EnglishCN英语博客基地)