What is nationaliz​ation国有化?

Takeover of privately owned corporations, industries, and resources by a government with or without compensation. Common reasons for nationalization include (1) prevention of unfair exploitation and large-scale labor layoffs, (2) fair distribution of income from national resources, and (3) to keep means of generating wealth in public control. (来源：EnglishCN.com)

补充：

国有化是将私人企业的生产资料收归国家所有的过程。国有化是国家所有制经济形成过程中的一条重要途径。通常它指的是将私人财产国有化，但是有时它也指其它级别政府（比如市政府）的财产。按照国际惯例，实行国有化后要给予受损的外国投资者以适当的合理的补偿。国有化也是第三世界国家保护本国资源和民族工业、反抗发达国家剥削的强有力手段之一。