7 much less, still less引导的词组或从句，表示一种追加的否定。less是由little的否定意义而来的，所以这两个词组只能用于否定句中，意为"更不用说、更不必说"。to say nothing of, not to speak of ,not to mention, let alone这四个词组意为"更不消说"，也是一种追补的说法。但它们与much less和still less有所不同，这些词组可以随前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，则追加的也是肯定意义。如果前一句是否定，则追加的也是否定意义。 (来源：EnglishCN.com)

　　例1 I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings. (我不能同意这种行为，更谈不上参加这些行动了。)

　　例2 He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry. (他几乎不懂数学，更不用说化学了。)

　　例3 I did not even see him, still less(=much less) shake hands with him. (我看也没有看见过他，哪里还谈得上同他握手呢?)

　　例4 In old China, there was hardly any machine?building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry. (在旧中国，几乎没有什么机器制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。)

　　例5 Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons. (莎莉学了唱歌和舞蹈课，而且还学了游泳和网球课。)

　　例6 At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries. (那时他连普通生活都不能维持，更不要说奢侈品了。)

　　例7 They have three fine sons, not to speak of their two lovely daughters. (他们有了3个好儿子，而且还有2个可爱的女儿。)

　　例8 I don't know algebra or geometry, not to mention calculus. (我连代数几何都不懂，更不必说微积分了。)

　　例9 All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(他们所要做的只是按一下电钮，就能看到各种戏剧、电影、歌剧和各式各样的演出，而且还能看到各种政治辩论和最近举行的激动人心的足球赛。)

　　例10 I can't add two and two, let alone do fractions.(我2加2都不会，更不用说做分数题了。)注意：〈美国成语词典〉认为let alone只能用于追加的否定。但是，有的词典认为，该短语也可以引导追加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car, let alone the luggage and the two dogs. (OSD)

　　8 no more ... than ...和……一样都不……

　　例1 The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.

　　［译文］：心脏和胃一样都无智力可言，因为它们都是由大脑控制的。

　　例2 There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.

　　［译文］：他们没有理由限制你服用多少维他命，就像他们不能限制你喝多少水一样。

　　例3 More and more Afro?Americans see him as a tricky enemy who has no more love for them than he has for the Congolese.

　　［译文］：越来越多的美国黑人认识到他是个诡计多端的敌人，他仇视美国黑人，正像他仇视刚果人民一样。(直译：……，他不爱美国黑人，正像他不爱刚果人一样。)

　　［注释］：not any more than是no more…than的一种强调形式，例如：1) Jack is no more intelligent than John.(=Jack is not intelligent any more than John.)杰克与约翰一样都不聪明。2) A man can no more fly than a bird can speak. (=A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak.)人不会飞翔，就像鸟不会说话一样。3) As a nation, the French are no more eager to learn about their wartime failings than are the Japanese. (=As a nation, the French are not eager to learn about their wartime failings any more than are the Japanese.)作为一个国家，法国正如日本一样不积极地从他们的战争失败中吸取教训。

　　上述例句表明，no more ... than并不表示比较，而是表示比喻，含有比喻意义的比较级用于否定时，than后面的从句不用否定式，但译成汉语时要用否定式。

　　9 more ... than ...与其……不如……

　　例1 It seems, then, that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting, and that the so?called division between the pure scientist and the applied scientist is more apparent than real.

　　［译文］：看来，这两门科学是互相依存又互相制约的，因而理论科学家和应用科学家之间的所谓区别，与其说是实际存在的，不如说是表面的。

　　例2 He is a man who is more brave than wise.

　　［译文］：他是个有勇无谋的人。

　　［注释］：1) more ... than常用来比较同一个人或同一个事物的两种不同特征。又如：He is more mad than stupid. (DCE)他与其说是笨，不如说是疯。2) more than +从句(句中有can或could)实在不能……。例如：Some of the suggestions are more than we can accept.有些建议我们实在不能接受。3) (be) more of a ... than a ...与其说是……不如说是……，如：He is more of a politician than a scholar.与其说他是个学者，不如说是个政客。

　　10 no less than简直是，实在是

　　例1 It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.

　　［译文］：如此索要高价，简直是敲诈。

　　例2 It is no less than a scandal.

　　［译文］：这实在是一件丑闻。

　　11 nothing else than完全是，实在是

　　例1 What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.

　　［译文］：那人讲的话完全是一派胡言。